The African startup scene is full of bold dreams, ingenious solutions, and visionary founders. Yet, amid all the success stories and unicorn chases, there lies a quieter but equally important set of narratives: the startups that didn’t make it.
These stories hold lessons for every founder, investor, and operator on the continent. From strategic missteps to regulatory hurdles and tough macroeconomic conditions, here are some of the most notable African startups that have gone out of effective operations recently, and the critical takeaways from their experiences.
HerRyde (Nigeria)
HerRyde was a ride-hailing service provider that was once labelled the Uber for women in Nigeria. The company initially aimed to provide safe and affordable ride-hailing for women. Hence, HerRyde launched with a powerful proposition: safe, women-focused ride-hailing in Nigeria.
The company operated a network of 200 registered women drivers, facilitating more than 2,000 rides for over 500 passengers.
Reasons for failure: Lack of funding
Despite early excitement, the company had to bootstrap all its operations, and the lack of funding made it go into “hibernation” after operating for a year, with the leaders citing a need to re-strategise.
Lesson: Mission alone doesn’t guarantee momentum.
While solving a real problem, HerRyde was bootstrapped in a capital-intensive industry. A great idea without strong financial backing, especially in mobility, can only go so far.
Quizac (Nigeria)
Quizac was a remarkable edtech startup that held a lot of promise. It had remarkable potential for impact and seemed to be positioned in the right market for its products.
Quizac aimed to gamify learning for the African child. Unsurprisingly, the company initially got remarkable results and traction. At its peak, it had more than 12,000 learners.
Reasons for Failure:
While Quizac was doing huge numbers, it struggled to monetise its audience—students. Although the founders explored several options for monetisation, none really hit the mark. Then, when a funding offer of $250,000 finally came, the founders declined the offer due to the terms. Their intention was to go back to the drawing board and return with a counteroffer. But what followed was a global downturn in VC investments. Even though the company eventually attempted to pivot to serving enterprises, it was already a bit too late at that point and was eventually acquired by Tekedia Capital.
Lesson: A great product needs a profitable model – early.
Quizac had a solid product and user base, but couldn’t translate usage into revenue soon enough. Turning down funding in hopes of better terms ended up being costly.
Cova (Nigeria)
Cova was a fintech company that aimed to be a one-stop shop where users could manage all their assets in one place. The company’s platform offered a consolidated suite of solutions, including credit, investment, and savings. Users could link their local and international bank accounts to their Cova profile and monitor the accounts via the Cova solution.
The startup had so much promise that it even raised no less than $800,000 from investors.
Reasons for Failure:
While the founders never stated a specific reason for closing down the company, they noted “several factors” in an email they sent to subscribers to notify them of the cessation of their services. Nevertheless, one key factor the company dealt with was gaining traction.
Even after operating for years and providing an essential solution, the company’s product never managed to gain much traction. As a result, the founders were forced to consider cash flow sustainability, and they decided to cease operations after concluding there was no clear path to profitability for the company.
Lesson: An essential solution still requires a clear path to profit.
While Cova didn’t disclose much, their exit underlined the importance of cash flow sustainability and customer lifetime value.
Gro Intelligence (Kenya)
Gro Intelligence was once heralded as a leading startup in Africa, pioneering innovation and advancements in the agricultural technology industry. And for many years, the company delivered on its promise of revolutionising the agricultural industry.
The company began operations in Kenya in 2012 and later expanded into the U.S. with its expansive data platform. The company quickly gained the world’s attention with its ambitious goal of having the world’s largest agricultural database. It went on to raise a massive $125 million across 12 years and was even recognised as one of TIME’s 100 Most Influential Companies globally.
Reasons for Failure:
Gro Intelligence’s downfall could be traced back to several factors, the first of which was financial instability. While the company seemed to be doing great financially to the outside world, it struggled with inconsistencies. At some point, it couldn’t meet payroll obligations and had to lay off a portion of its workforce.
After a while, the problems extended to leadership turmoil, which eventually saw the founder, Sara Menker, replaced by CTO James Cariello as CEO.
All these issues, coupled with other fundamental challenges such as a perceived mismatch between product and market demands and even legal and regulatory problems, contributed to its eventual crash.
Lesson: Raising millions doesn’t mean you’ve made it.
Gro’s fall reminds us that product-market fit trumps funding. Culture, leadership, and ethical governance are also critical, especially under investor scrutiny.
Thepeer (Nigeria)
Thepeer was a promising fintech company that aimed to make transactions and payments streamlined for all its users. The founders envisioned a solution that would help people pay and receive money seamlessly through digital wallets.
The company offered APIs for other businesses to integrate into their apps and websites. And for a while, the company did great, raising $2.1 million in seed funding in the process.
Reasons for Failure:
While there weren’t official statements on the reason for the company’s closure, several factors could be cited as contributing situation, including complex compliance demands, low user adoption of wallet-based payments, and integration barriers.
Ultimately, Thepeer needed to strike a delicate balance to succeed. It needed to attract businesses with a compelling offer and build a sustainable business for the long run. It couldn’t achieve that and ended up crashing out.
Lesson: Timing matters as much as innovation.
Being ahead of the curve can feel like standing alone. Founders must match vision with market readiness and factor in time and cost to educate users.
VIBRA (Pan-African)
VIBRA set out to become a major crypto platform in Africa, offering education, community, and trading solutions across multiple countries. The startup focused on driving mass adoption of blockchain technology in Africa. It capitalised on the crypto boom, launching a P2P mobile crypto trading app that attracted thousands of users.
The company also raised $6 million in funding.
Reasons for Failure:
No official reasons were recorded for the company’s failure, but its issues can be traced to industry events. VIBRA’s problems began when the global crypto market tanked. Like many others in the space, the company relied heavily on user incentives to drive growth, offering rewards and promotions to onboard new users. But as the market turned bearish, enthusiasm dropped, and user acquisition became painfully expensive. On top of that, the platform faced compliance pressure and struggled to sustain engagement.
Lesson: Don’t chase hype; build sustainable value.
Crypto startups need more than market buzz, they need lasting utility and trust. When the market cools, only products that offer real value to real users will survive.
Patricia (Nigeria)
Patricia was once a household name in Nigeria’s fintech and crypto scene. It positioned itself as a trusted platform for crypto and gift card exchange and gained massive traction among young Nigerians.
Reasons for Failure:
The unravelling began when the company announced that it suffered a major security breach that led to the loss of user funds. Instead of immediate, transparent communication, Patricia rolled out a controversial internal token, PTK, as a placeholder for the missing funds. This move was met with backlash. Soon after, the company faced mounting legal issues, public criticism, claims of mismanagement, and a sharp loss of trust.
Although the founder still claims the company is operational, users have lost faith in the company, and most are only waiting in hopes that they might recoup their funds that are still with the company.
Lesson: Trust is your most valuable currency.
In fintech, once credibility is lost, it’s nearly impossible to win it back. Patricia’s story shows how poor crisis management and a lack of transparency can undo years of growth in weeks.
Wala (South Africa)
Wala entered the scene with a noble mission, aiming to bring financial access to the unbanked across Africa using blockchain. They had a bold idea: creating a zero-fee platform to drive financial inclusion. The company enjoyed early success, securing over 150,000 users and even raising $1.2 million through a token sale.
Reasons for Failure:
Despite their mission, Wala couldn’t overcome practical realities. Infrastructural challenges, such as unreliable electricity and low internet penetration, hindered product usage. The company also introduced a rewards system that ended up being exploited. After failing to raise additional capital, Wala was forced to shut down.
Lesson: A noble cause must still be operationally feasible.
Purpose-driven startups still need a solid execution plan. Good intentions are not enough if the environment doesn’t support consistent product delivery.
Edukoya (Nigeria)
Edukoya made headlines in 2021 when it raised a $3.5 million pre-seed round (Africa’s largest pre-seed funding) to build the future of online education in Africa. Edukoya was an edtech startup that aimed to revolutionise K-12 learning in Africa by providing digital education content and online tutoring for students and parents. With a sleek platform, personalised learning, and a strong founding team, expectations were high for the company.
Reasons for Failure:
Edukoya faced several uphill battles. Many target users—students in Nigeria—lacked internet access and smartphones. Macroeconomic challenges also made it hard for parents to pay for digital services. Despite the funding, the startup scaled quickly before fully validating its model, leading to unsustainable operations. In February 2025, it announced a shutdown, with the founders opting to return the capital to investors rather than take the “persist at all costs” route.
Lesson: “Too early” can be just as deadly as “too late.”
Even with money in the bank, Edukoya couldn’t outrun ground realities. Growth should come after validation, not the other way around.
Gokada (Nigeria)
Gokada began as a revolutionary bike-hailing platform in Lagos, Nigeria, offering fast, reliable transport in a congested city. Due to its affordable and accessible solutions, the company grew rapidly and raised millions in funding.
Reasons for Failure:
Things took a turn in 2020 when the Lagos State Government banned commercial motorcycles. Gokada pivoted into logistics and food delivery, but none of the new verticals scaled like the original idea. The tragic murder of founder Fahim Saleh created a leadership vacuum, and ongoing currency issues further strained operations. Despite multiple attempts to reinvent itself, Gokada eventually filed for bankruptcy in early 2025.
Lesson: External shocks are survivable—if pivots are grounded in core strengths.
Gokada tried to bounce back, but without its original momentum and vision, it couldn’t rebuild. Founders must ground every pivot in their startup’s core advantage.
Final Thoughts: The Hidden Value in Failure
In every one of these stories lies a lesson in humility, focus, timing, and leadership. African founders face challenges unlike any other ecosystem: unpredictable regulation, funding gaps, infrastructure deficits, and many others. But they also have access to incredible opportunities.
Here’s what rising startups can take away:
- Validate your model before scaling.
- Secure product-market fit, then pursue funding.
- Don’t underestimate regulation, infrastructure, or macroeconomics.
- Timing and founder focus matter just as much as innovation.
- Transparency builds trust, even in failure.
Success in Africa’s startup ecosystem isn’t just about the size of your seed round. It’s about adaptability, sustainability, and serving real, paying users without losing sight of the long game.
